(PDF) The Coconut Industry: A Review of Price - ResearchGate 37(9):830-5, 2004. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". Some dried coconut is purely coconut, but others are manufactured with other ingredients, such as sugar, propylene glycol, salt, and sodium metabisulfite. In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. Adsule, and S.S. Kadam. (2015), however, suggests that their diversity in New Zealand indicate that they evolved endemically, rather than being introduced to the islands by long-distance dispersal. [23] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. It is known as a bunot in the Philippines and simply a "coconut brush" in Jamaica. [171] Often it is decorated with bright metal foils and other symbols of auspiciousness. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. Malakanin (literally "cooked rice-like") refers to young coconut meat (around 78 months old) which has a more opaque white appearance, a soft texture similar to cooked rice, and can still be easily scraped off the coconut shell. This article was most recently revised and updated by. This, together with their use of the South American sweet potato, suggests that Austronesian peoples may have sailed as far east as the Americas. Coconut meal: Nutraceutical importance and food industry application Nearly one third of the world's population depends on coconut for nutrition and trade. Elvira is known for her creative approach to cuisine, and her passion for teaching others about the culinary arts. [138] Coconut oil extracted from coconut milk or copra is also used for frying, cooking, and making margarine, among other uses.[134][139]. [57] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki:[68]. ", "Indian state decides coconut trees are no longer trees but palms", "Medieval Sourcebook: Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 13251354", "Coconut Industry in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Export Development Board", "Australia has a lot of coconut palms so why don't we have a coconut industry? Its meat is sweetened, cut into strands, and sold in glass jars as coconut strings, sometimes labeled as "coconut sport". [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. The coconut palm is one of the most beautiful and useful trees in the world, grown in more than 80 countries of the tropical. The traditional coconut farming in these countries is an integral part of their life, culture and identity. They include morphotaxa like Palmoxylon sundaran, Palmoxylon insignae, and Palmocarpon cocoides. In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". [102], Coconut milk, not to be confused with coconut water, is obtained by pressing the grated coconut meat, usually with hot water added which extracts the coconut oil, proteins, and aromatic compounds. The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. Its BRIX level is 16 [sugars] compared to 12 in sugarcane juice. Dried coconut flesh is called copra, and the oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking frying in particular as well as in soaps and cosmetics. 3. The coconut palm Man cannot subsist solely on cereal grains. The shells of the coconut can also be used to create charcoal, which has a variety of industrial and domestic uses. These have much lower fat content and are suitable as milk substitutes. The coir is used to make brooms in Cambodia.[158]. It is produced as the endosperm nourishes the developing embryo. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. They played a critical role in the long sea voyages of Austronesians by providing a portable source of food and water, as well as providing building materials for Austronesian outrigger boats. HE Moore Jr, NW Uhl. [183] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. Fancy utensil can be prepare from shell. [166][167][168] Amphioctopus marginatus is the first invertebrate known to be able to use tools.[167][169]. Corrections? Mature Malakatad coconut meat has a tough texture and thus are processed before consumption or made into copra. Thailand has been raising and training pig-tailed macaques to pick coconuts for around 400years. Narali Purnima is celebrated on a full moon day which usually signifies the end of monsoon season in India. The Coconut Palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) is referred as The Tree of Life due to its incredible value to man and the incredible number of products and by-products that can be created from it. Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively. The endocarp or shell is used for fuel for making shell charcoal, activated carbon etc. Coconuts are commonly grown around the northern coast of Australia, and in some warmer parts of New South Wales. [140][141] It can also be fermented to produce a jelly-like dessert known as nata de coco. Sweet coconut sap can be made into drinks or fermented into palm wine or coconut vinegar. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu; Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog; and the Malay word nyiur or nyior. The liquid of the nut, known as coconut water, is used in beverages. Based on linguistic evidence, the absence of words for coconut in the Taiwanese Austronesian languages makes it likely that the Austronesian coconut culture developed only after Austronesians started colonizing the Philippines. Theyre mostly green until they fully mature. Because coconut milk and oil nourish skin, moisturizing, restorative, vitality to skin, has a radiant effect. "Chapter 12 Coconut". Both the exocarp and the mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut, while the endocarp makes up the hard coconut "shell". Partially defatted edible coconut grating is an excellent product and used in bakery and confectionary. [164] The smell of coconuts comes from the 6-pentyloxan-2-one molecule, known as -decalactone in the food and fragrance industries. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. The fresh husk of a brown coconut may serve as a dish sponge or body sponge. He also notes that several of the nuts began to germinate by the time they had been ten weeks at sea, precluding an unassisted journey of 100 days or more.[57]. It is spread by host insects, that thrive on heavy turf grasses. Demand grew by 8 percent annually during 1993 to 2004. In the Malay language, it is pokok seribu guna ("the tree of a thousand uses"). Pintonesia Trading Corp has served customers from all over the world and it has become our top priority to meet our customers satisfaction and expectations. Self Magazine. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. [21][22], Whole mature coconuts (11 to 13 months from flowering) sold for export, however, typically have the husk removed to reduce weight and volume for transport. A hard shell encloses the embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. [18][19][20], A full-sized coconut fruit weighs about 1.4 kilograms (3pounds 1ounce). Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. PT. [182] The earliest direct description is given by Cosmas Indicopleustes in his Topographia Christiana written around 545, referred to as "the great nut of India". Other aspects such as seed size, shape and weight, and copra thickness are also important factors in the selection of new cultivars. What Does The Fig Tree Represent In John 1? Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. This ritual, known as niniyogan, is an offering made to the deceased and one's ancestors. More recently, genomic analysis of cultivated coconut (C.nucifera L.) has shed light on the movement. [133], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. [14][16][17], Coconut fruits have two distinctive forms depending on domestication. They have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the single-seeded nut. Traditional areas of coconut in India are the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Goa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. Coconut trees also are increasingly grown for decorative purposes along the coasts of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia with the help of irrigation. [84] Modern methods use hydraulic elevators mounted on tractors or ladders. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. It takes around 6,000 full-grown coconuts to produce one tonne of copra. [78] Manually climbing trees is traditional in most countries and requires a specific posture that exerts pressure on the trunk with the feet. Tannin produces negative effects on sapling growth. One of their first uses of the coconut was to produce cooking oil. Palm wine is distilled to produce arrack. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. The queen palm was originally classified in the genus Cocos along with the coconut, but was later reclassified in Syagrus. However, the locations of the admixture events are limited to Madagascar and coastal east Africa, and exclude the Seychelles. ", "Coconut anaphylaxis: Case report and review", "Guidance for Industry: A Food Labeling Guide (6. While comparable to sports drinks, which can be loaded with added sugars and flavorings, coconut water is low in calories and carbs. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. From this vinegar jaggery and sugar is prepared. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. According to the Encyclopaedia Brittanica, the coconut and African oil palms have important roles in international trade as sources of vegetable oil and fat. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. It might cause fullness or stomach upset in some people. This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 13:03. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. Copra prices went down and plantations were neglected or under-planted with other crops. Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. in history at New Mexico State University. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. It forms the basis of wedding and worship rituals in Hinduism. Malauhog has a "solid" sound when tapped, while Malakanin and Malakatad produce a "hollow" sound. Hawaiians hollowed the trunk to form drums, containers, or small canoes. Every part of the palm is usable for human needs -- food, shelter and fiber. The evolutionary origin of the coconut is under dispute, with theories stating that it may have evolved in Asia, South America, or on Pacific islands. Inflorescence : Large, lateral arising from the axils of leaves, compound spadix, enclosed by large woody bract called spathe. The milk or cream obtained by squeezing the granted kernel diluteded in water is sued in many preparations. Copyright 2023 Cocoanesia. The coconut sector in the past has been dominated by products, copra and coconut oil, and the international coconut trade used to be driven by the demand for . It can be used in liquid form as would other vegetable oils, or in solid form similar to butter or lard. These vary by the taste of the coconut water and color of the fruit, as well as other genetic factors. The oil cakeis used to feed cattle.and poultry. A coconut is the edible fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family. [4], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. It allows toxins to be thrown out of stomach. Saturday &Sunday CLOSED, Hybrid Coconut seedlings, Deejay Sampoorna. Per 100-gram serving, coconut water contains 19 calories and no significant content of essential nutrients. [125] These can be toasted or baked to make bacon-like fixings. [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. In Johann Vollmann and Istvan Rajcan (Eds.). Mature, ripe coconuts can be used as edible seeds, or processed for oil and plant milk from the flesh, charcoal from the hard shell, and coir from the fibrous husk. The mesocarp is composed of a fiber, called coir, which has many traditional and commercial uses. For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. In the United States, coconut palms can be grown and reproduced outdoors without irrigation in Hawaii, southern and central Florida,[110] and the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F). The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kannur under Kerala Agricultural University has developed an innovative extension approach called the compact area group approach to combat coconut mites.